In Vitro |
PS48 activates full length PDK1 (His-PDK1- FL) and PDK1 50-359[Tyr288Gly;Gln292Ala] (His-PDK1 dm) with AC50s (the concentrations required to reach 50% of the maximal activation) of 7.95±0.2 and 10.0±2.0 μM, respectively. PS48 binds to PDK150–359 with a 1:1 stoichiometry and a binding affinity in the micromolar range (Kd=10.3 μM)[1]. PDK1 activator, PS48, has the ability to reverse the cell proliferation inhibition role of triptolide (TP) in vitro. The inhibition role of TP in cell number is significantly reversed by PS48. TP significantly increases the cell proportion in G0-G1 phase and decreases the cell proportion in G2-M and S phase. However, the effect of TP on cell cycle distribution is all reversed by PS48. In addition, suppression of PDK1/Akt/mTOR pathway by TP in high glucose (HG)-treated human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs) is also reversed by PS48, as well as the expression of Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Solvent & Solubility |
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (348.74 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Preparing Stock Solutions
Concentration
Solvent
Mass
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1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
1 mM
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3.4874 mL
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17.4368 mL
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34.8736 mL
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5 mM
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0.6975 mL
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3.4874 mL
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6.9747 mL
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10 mM
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0.3487 mL
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1.7437 mL
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3.4874 mL
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View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
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Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator
Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
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Protocol 1
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.72 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
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Protocol 2
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.72 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
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Protocol 3
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.72 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully. Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
Please enter your animal formula composition:
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO,
. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
, Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
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